Chester



(No Model.)

H. V. & F. W. LANGHESTER. BOOK MARKER.

Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

FIC.5.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY VAUGHAN LANOI-IESTER AND FREDERICK WVILLIAM LANGHESTER, OFv BALI-1AM, COUNTY OF SURREY, ENGLAND.

BOOK MAR KER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 422,423, dated March 4, 1890.

Application filed May 15, 1889. Serial No. 310,814. (No model.)

, To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY VAUGHAN LAN- CHESTER and FREDERICK WILLIAM LANOHES- TER, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Balham, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Book-Markers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for facilitating rapid references to books; and it consists in the use of a marker which, when the book is open, does not materially interfere with the turning of the leaves, but which on closing the book automatically inserts itself to a greater or less extent between the open pages by its elasticity or otherwise, thus indicating the place at which the book was last open.

The marker consists of a strip of a more or less resilient material having its two ends attached to the cover, and which passes either through perforations in the leaves prepared to receive it or immediately outside the top or bottom edge of the book.

In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings, Figure 1 is a cross-sectional elevation of a marker suitable for use outside the top or bottom edges of a book constructed according to our invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a section of one of the clips for fastening the marker onto the cover of a book. Fig. 4 shows the marker applied to a book and the position it takes as the book is being closed. Fig. 5 is a similar View to Fig. 4, showing the position of the marker when the book is open. Figs. 6 and 7 show a marker Working in a slot cut out from the back of the book, and Figs. 8 and 9 show.

a marker working in a perforation cut through the book. Fig. 10 shows a modified construction of the marker illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, the tape B, of elastic material and of such length as not to interfere with the book being opened, has its ex.- tremities attached to clips A,- which are capable of being secured on the cover of any book to which it is desired to apply the marker, as shown in Figs. 3, 4., and 5. The tape B is so arranged that when the book is open it lies in a more or less direct line between its points of attachment, as shown in Fig. 5, but on c1osing the book it folds between the leaves, as shown in Fig. 4, and indicates the page at which the book was last open.

Referring to Fig. 3, a fold is formed in the clip at O to grip the band B. The end E is embossed to prevent injury to adjacent books. The inclined surface F and spring Gserve to obtain a firm grip on covers of different thicknesses. When the marker is not required to be used through the whole of the book, the ends of the tape B are attached to tongues or leaves either bound or laid in the book at the commencement and end of the portion to which the marker is to beapplied. If desired, the clip A may be omitted, and the tape B may be sewed or otherwise fixed to the cover of the book.

' Referring to Figs. 6 and 7, a slot is cut out from the leaves of the book and extends from the back a short distance into the book. A piece of cord or tape B has its two ends secured to the cover, the intermediate portion I passing through the slot. Thmslaeknfithe cord or tape when the book isclosed will re{ main between the pages last open.

Figs. Sand 9 show a circular perforation H cut through the leaves of the book and the ends of a cord passed through the perforation secured to the cover of the book.

The arrangements shown in Figs. 6 to 9 are more especially suitable forrailway timetables, catalogues, guide books, and notebooks.

In Fig. 10 the marker 13 is shown of a form suitable for its being made of sheet metal, in which case the. necessary elasticity is conveniently given to it by forming at its extremities right and left handed helical springs b, by means of which it is attached to the clips A or otherwise to the cover.

We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with the spring-clips adapted to engage with the covers of a book, of a strip of flexible material secured at each of its two opposite ends to one of the two similar middle projecting portions of the said clips and adapted to fold between the pages of the book.

2. A spring-clip adapted to engage with the cover of a book and provided with the embossed end E outside the book, in eoinbiua ends and havingits said ends attached to the tion with a strip of flexible material secured covers of a book, substantially as and for the to said clip for marking the readers place in purpose set forth.

the book. In witness whereof we hereunto set our 15 5 The combination, with the spring-clips hands in the presence of two witnesses.

provided with embossed outer ends E, and the HENRY V WGHJW L CHESTER $9 01 9 3 Smp 9 .9 i FREDERICK WILLIAM LANCHES'IEIL. its ends secured to said clips by said folds, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. Witnesses: 1o 4. A strip of flexible material provided with WILMER M. HARRIS,

right and left hand helical springs near its 'WALTER J. SKERTEN. 

